Taking Aim Resources

STRUCTURAL RACISM

How structural racism works - Racist policies as a root cause of U.S. racial health inequities.

This article illuminates what structural racism is and how it is reproduced by policies and practices. Inequities in a variety of systems, including healthcare, are discussed with structural racism serving as the root cause. The paper concludes with the role of healthcare in dismantling structural racism. 

Bailey, Z. D., Feldman, J. M., & Bassett, M. T. (2021). How structural racism works - Racist policies as a root cause of U.S. racial health inequities. New England Journal of Medicine, 384, p.768-773.  https://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMms2025396 

Call to Action: Structural Racism as a Fundamental Driver of Health Disparities: A Presidential Advisory From the American Heart Association

This article cites structural racism as a cause of health disparities in the United States. The paper provides historical context regarding efforts to reduce mortality and morbidity related to cardiovascular disease and highlights meaningful recommendations. 

Churchwell, K., et al (2020). Call to action. Structural racism is a fundamental driver of health  

disparities: A presidential advisory from the american heart association. Circulation, 142(24). https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/CIR.0000000000000936 

RACISM 

Beyond the naming: Institutional racism in nursing.

This article is written by two nursing school deans who discuss racism and offer next steps. The authors push beyond calling out racism and amplify the need to change policies, practices and traditions. They state that this work must be done by the institution and not diversity committees. 

Villarruel, A. M., & Broome, M. E. (2020). Beyond the naming: Institutional racism in nursing. Nursing Outlook, 68(4), 375-376.  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7473708/ 

Race talk and facilitating difficult racial dialogues

This article identifies the difficulties in leading conversations that center on race and  

provides scenarios on how to move through conversations.  

Sue, D. W. (2015). Race talk and facilitating difficult racial dialogues. Counseling Today.  https://ct.counseling.org/2015/12/race-talk-and-facilitating-difficult-racial-dialogues/ 

Using social determinants of health to link health workforce diversity, care quality and access, and health disparities to achieve health equity in nursing

The authors offer a conceptual model to help nursing link diversity to health equity.

Williams, S. D., Hansen, M., Smithey, J., Burnley, M. Koplitz, K. Koyama, & Bakos, A. (2014).  Using social determinants of health to link health workforce diversity, care quality and access, and health disparities to achieve health equity in nursing. Public Health Reports, 129(1), 32-36. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24385662/ 

DIVERSITY, EQUITY, INCLUSION & BELONGING 

Does race still matter in nursing? The narratives of African-American nursing faculty members

This article explores the narratives of 23 African-American faculty members and shares their stories into and through academia. Issues that impact diversity and inclusivity are highlighted and recommendations are provided. 

Beard, K. V., & Julion, W. (2016). Does race still matter in nursing? The narratives of  African-American nursing faculty members. Nursing Outlook. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0029655416301130 

The Macy Foundation - A Conversation with Dr. Louis Sullivan on Diversity, Equity, & Inclusion in Health Care

This is a Q & A series in which Macy Foundation President Holly Humphry & Dr.L. Sullivan discuss Diversity, equity and Inclusion/belonging. In it, other landmark reports are mentioned.

BIAS 

How to reduce implicit bias

Institute for Healthcare Improvement. (2017)

This short read provides a definition for implicit bias along with illustrations. Strategies to reduce implicit bias are emphasized. 

The Macy Foundation - Addressing Harmful Bias and Eliminating Discrimination in Health Professions Learning Environments

2020 Report (published 9.1.20) on “Addressing harmful bias and eliminating discrimination in health professions learning environments” This report highlights three major points & 4 action steps /recommendations.

STRUCTURAL RACISM

Structural Racism: The Root Cause of the Social Determinants of Health (health Equity) | Bill of Health (harvard.edu) 

This blog examines the intersection of health, law, biotechnology, and bioethics.  

Moving Beyond Police Reform to Addressing Structural Racism (racism) 

This blog is focused on racial inequalities.  

SAGE perspectives blogs on structural racism.

There are several blogs listed on the SAGE perspectives website focused on structural racism.  

DIVERSITY, EQUITY & INCLUSION

Center for the Study of Racism, Social Justice, and Health (DEI)

This blog focuses on addressing the root cause of health injustices.   

BIAS

Smartest Person in the Room, Episode 30 BIAS: Well-meaning white people (57:00) 

Series on racial bias, a black and white conversation between friends. 

RACE/RACISM

NPR Code Switch Race in Your Face Series

Hosted by journalists of color, this podcast tackles the subject of race head-on.  Explore how race impacts every part of society — from politics and pop culture to history, sports and everything in between. 

Intersectionality Matters: African American Policy Forum Series 

Intersectionality Matters! is a podcast hosted by Kimberlé Crenshaw, an American civil rights advocate and a leading scholar of critical race theory. 

Momentum: A Race Forward Podcast Series

Momentum: A Race Forward Podcast features movement voices, stories, and strategies for racial justice. 

Seeing White Podcast Series

Just what is going on with white people: Police shootings of unarmed African Americans; domestic terrorism by white supremacists; white-identity politics; unending racial inequity in schools, housing, criminal justice, and hiring. 

DEIB (DIVERSITY, EQUITY, INCLUSION, BELONGING)

Time To Act: A Podcast about Diversity and Inclusion | A HuffPost Podcast Series

Why diversity and inclusion are defining factors in a company’s growth and success at scale 

Still Processing: The New York Times 

Weekly show about culture in the broadest sense. 

ANTIRACISM

The difference between being "not racist" and antiracist | Ibram X. Kendi (51:14) 

Defines the transformative concept of antiracism to clearly recognize, take responsibility for and reject prejudices in our public policies, workplaces, and personal beliefs 

Let's get to the root of racial injustice | Megan Ming Francis | TEDxRainier (19:37) 

Tracing the root causes of our current racial climate to their core causes, debunking common misconceptions, and calling out "fix-all" cures to a complex social problem. Highlights the notion that education is not enough to solve the problem of racism. 

BIAS

How to Outsmart Your Own Unconscious Bias | Valerie Alexander (17:24) 

Explains the physiology of stress and bias using examples of race, same-sex couple, and stereotypes associated with females in corporate leadership. 

Just belonging: finding the courage to interrupt bias | Kori Carew (19:16)

Discusses the structural racism and the experience of being a professional who is Black and assumptions made about that, microinvalidation of the experiences of Black people, white privilege, and the myth of meritocracy. 

Implicit Bias, Stereotype Threat and Higher Ed | Russell McClain (11:15)

The role of implicit bias and stereotype threat - the fear of confirming another's biased views - in creating achievement gaps in higher education 

DIVERSITY, EQUITY, INCLUSION, BELONGING

On Diversity: Access Ain’t Inclusion | Anthony Jack | TEDxCambridge (12:43) 

How and why disadvantaged students struggle; what schools can do differently if these students are to thrive. 

Practical diversity: taking inclusion from theory to practice | Dawn Bennett-Alexander | TEDxUGA (16:53)

Discusses Title VII; mission statements) We strive to embrace diversity and inclusion in our schools and workplaces, but we often fail to understand what this looks like practically. 

Inclusion Revolution | Daisy Auger Domínguez | TEDxPearlStreet (17:17)

Why creating workplaces where everyone feels heard, valued and seen is hard, complex and at times emotionally triggering. Being allies, persisting through discomfort, and doing the difficult work to ensure that everyone is seen, heard and valued, we can make lasting and meaningful change. 

Solving the Achievement Gap Through Equity, Not Equality | Lindsey Ott | TEDxYouth@Columbia (9:05)

What happens when we try to fix problems through equality? In education, equality reinforces the achievement gap by applying the same expectations and norms to unequal groups. Instead, we need equity: giving the needed resources to each individual group. 

The Missing Link in DEI | Lorén Cox | TEDxColumbiaUniversity (16:42)

We talk constantly of DEI – Diversity, Equity, Inclusion – in the workplace. But talk doesn’t necessarily translate into action. 

ANTI-RACISM 

Toolkit for TEACHING ABOUT RACISM in the Context of Persistent Health and Healthcare Disparities

This toolkit was developed to assist in teaching healthcare providers to reduce healthcare inequities. The toolkit provides examples of resources and activities surrounding the topics of race, racism, bias, identity, intersectionality, and privilege. There is an excellent reference list to associated articles.  

Race Equity Toolkit: An Opportunity to Operationalize Equity (Health Equity) 

This toolkit was designed to integrate explicit consideration of racial equity decisions, including policies, practices, programs, and budgets. This toolkit can assist in developing strategies and actions that reduce racial inequities and improve success for all groups.  

Anti-Racism Toolkit (Racism)  

The Association for Prevention Teaching and Research has developed an anti-racism toolkit that is designed to assist health professions faculty address and seek to reduce the effects of systemic racism in our society through their professional work as teachers, as clinical and public health practitioners, as researchers, and as members of a university community. The toolkit has an organizing structure and provides resources such as websites, files, research articles, and recommended readings.  

Social Justice Toolkit (Health Equity) 

The following link provides access to 23 toolkits that provide a common language, suggestions for readings and viewing, organizations you can choose to support, and tips/tools for Allies.  

DIVERSITY, EQUITY, INCLUSION & BELONGING

Diversity and Inclusion Toolkit Resources (DEI) 

This website from the AAMC provides a list of resources focused on power and privilege, microaggressions, identity, and cross-cultural communications. There are also additional resources, websites, reports, and studies that are provided.  

NLN Diversity and Inclusion Toolkit 

This toolkit provides evidence-based, exemplary practices to inform diversity and

inclusion initiatives at schools of nursing. It consists of resources for administrators

and faculty to promote a sustainable culture of inclusive excellence within the nurse

educator workforce. 

RACE & ANTIRACISM 

Antiracism in Higher Education: A Conversation with Ibram X. Kendi || Radcliffe Institute (57:38) 

This video discusses incentivizing faculty of color for participating in diversity work; changes in policies; having difficult conversations; re-examining assumption; importance of defining terms to promote participation in antiracism conversations and initiatives. 

Prof. Ibram X. Kendi: Stamped From the Beginning: The Definitive History of Racist Ideas in America (1:28:57) 

Discusses shaping understanding of the foundations of structural racism; chronicles the entire history of anti-Black racist ideas and their staggering power over the course of American history. 

Ijeoma Oluo | So You Want to Talk About Race (51:46) 

Significance of discussions of race and racist systems. Why it’s hard and why we should do it anyway. 

Confronting racism in higher education (1:01) 

Wayne Frederick, president of Howard University; 'Funmi Olonisakan, cice president & vice principal international at King’s College London; and Leslie Harris, professor of history and African American studies at Northwestern University join THE's Sara Custer to discuss how to confront racism in universities in both the US and UK. Panelists discuss the significance of statues and 

13: Netflix documentary (1:40) 

Combining archival footage with testimony from activists and scholars, director Ava DuVernay's examination of the U.S. prison system looks at how the country's history of racial inequality drives the high rate of incarceration in America.

Bryan Stevenson: How We Arrived Here (4:10) 

Discusses the history of racism, white supremacy. 

EQUITY

Dr. Ibram X. Kendi: Creating A More Equitable Society Is In White Americans' Self Interest(12:24) 

Discusses what it takes to call one's self antiracist, and how it's in everyone's interest to end the racist policies that cause inequality in this country. 

Grace, Justice, & Mercy: An Evening with Bryan Stevenson & Rev. Tim Keller (1:10:52) 

Explores ways to sustain hope through a grace-filled pursuit of justice and mercy. 

DIVERSITY, EQUITY, INCLUSION & BELONGING

Achieving Health Equity: This white paper presents a framework for health care organizations to improve health equity in the communities they serve, guidance for measuring health equity, a case study of one organization that has strategically integrated health equity throughout its system, and a self-assessment tool for organizations to gauge their current focus on and efforts to improve health equity. 

Health Equity: Improving health and health care worldwide requires a focus on equity — equity of access, treatments, and outcomes. Health equity is realized when each individual has a fair opportunity to achieve their full health potential. 

Why Haven’t We Made More Progress In Health Equity:  David R. Williams, Professor of Public Health at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, has been researching health inequities in the United States for two decades. In this video, he sits down with Don Berwick, MD, President Emeritus and Senior Fellow at IHI, to talk about the progress in reducing disparities to date, and what stands in the way of progress now.

NONPF Calls for Greater Racial and Ethnic Diversity in NP Education: This paper highlights the issues that stall diversity efforts and provides best practices. 

RACISM

Addressing institutional racism in healthcare organizations: This article presents strategies in five core areas to guide health care leaders as they seek to address institutional racism in their organizations, one component of IHI's framework for Achieving Health Equity: A Guide for Health Care Organizations.